Mutations that go in favor of the organism are called beneficial mutations. They lead to new versions of proteins that help organisms adapt to changes in their environment. When there is a beneficial mutation then it will be passed down through offspring. This can also raise the chance of survival for the species and the offspring if there are any changes in the environment. They usually occur if the environment changes, predator mutation, or by mistake (a lucky one).

Mutations that neither beneficial or detrimental to the organism are called neutral mutations. Neutral mutations that are inheritable and not linked to any genes under selection will either be lost or will replace all other alleles of the gene. The change wont help the organism in any way. An example of neutral mutation in an organism is the human attached and free ear lobe. Having either an attached or free ear lobe does not help you in any way, so it would be considered a neutral mutation that happened to humans long time ago.

Harmful mutations may cause genetic disorders or cancer. A genetic disorder is a disease caused by a mutation in one or a few genes. A negative impact on the organism can make it die more early, so it will most likely not get the chance to reproduce. Usually the mutation will disappear. Sometimes there are negative mutations that are detrimental, but not enough to prevent offspring or be fatal. If the gene is dominant, then it will be shown for the rest of the offspring later on. An example being a shorter than normal arm. You can argue that it is neutral, but it has its downsides in a way. Not enough to kill the human though.

Chance of getting a mutation per generation (for humans)(estimated)(Not population)

Live births are effected by Cystic fibrosis in Canada

Have sickle cell disease in Canada

Canadians have colour blindness